Name of the College : Noorul Islam College of Engineering
University : Anna University
Degree : B.E
Department : Mechanical Engineering
Subject Code/Name : MF 441 – Process Planning & Cost Estimation
Year : 4th
Semester : 7th
Document Type : Question Bank
Website : niceindia.com
Download Model/Sample Question Paper :https://www.pdfquestion.in/uploads/niceindia.com/3037-MF_441__prcess_planning_and_cost_estimation.pdf
NICE Process Planning & Cost Estimation Question Paper
Unit-1 :
1. Define Standardisation :
Standardization :
primarily means setting up standards or measuring sticks by which extent, quality, quantity, value performance or service may be gauged or determined.
Related : Turbomachinery Institute of Technology &Sciences XCS355 Design of Analysis M.Sc Question Bank : www.pdfquestion.in/3140.html
Definition :
According to ISO (International Organization for Standardization), standardization is the process of formulating and applying rules for an orderly approach to a specific activity for the benefit and with the cooperation of all concerned and in particular for the promotion of optimum overall economy taking due accounts of functional conditions and safety requirements. In simple terms, it is the process of defining and applying conditions required to ensure that a given range of requirements can be easily met with minimum changes in an economical and reproducible manner by the latest technique.
2. What are the aims of standardization? :
1. To achieve maximum overall economy in terms of
(a) Cost,
(b) Human effort, and
(c) Conservation of essential materials as opposed to more readily available materials.
2. To ensure maximum convenience in use This objective of standardisation leads to simplification, rationalisation, interchangeability of parts and freezing of dimensions of components.
3. To adopt the best possible solutions to recurring problems.
4. To define requisite levels of quality.
5. To facilitate national and international exchange of goods and services and to develop mutual cooperation in the sphere of intellectual, scientific, technological and economic activity.
3. Give the classification of standardisation
1. Basic standardisation,
2. Dimensional standardisation,
3. Material standardisation,
4. Equipment standardisation,
5. Process standardisation,
6. Quantity standardisation,
7. Safety measures standardisation,
8. Personnel standardisation, and’
9. Administrative standardisation.
4. Define Basic Standardisation :
It is based upon general consideration of numerical theories. It includes standardisation of various basic elements such as scales and weights, voltages, preferred numbers, preferred sizes, limits and fits, screw thread profiles, surface texture, drawing paper sizes and testing procedures.
5. Write the definition of Dimensional Standardisation :
It includes standardisation of various engineering components such as nuts, bolts, screws, gears, keys, rivets and bearings.
6. Define Material Standardisation :
”The materials that are used in production are statidardised in quality, size, shape and other physical aspects.
It includes standardisation of raw materials, lubricants, coolants, cotton waste, various tools, etc.
7. Write the definition of equipment Standardisation :
The equipments used should also be standardised. This standardization includes the specifications relating to various machines and equipments required for production, their location, layout and performance rating.
8. What do you mean by Process Standardisation? :
The operation method in a factory is standardised to get the maximum benefit of ease and cheapness in production.
9. What do you mean by Quantity Standardisation? :
The economical quantity (EOQ) to be produced is decided earlier and this assumes the standard for production.
10. Define Safety Measures Standardisation”
This standardisation refer to rules and regulations formed to assure the safety of men and machines in a factory.
11. Write Personnel and Administrative Standardisation”
This standardisation refers to workers’ selection, training and aptitude, their wage rates and operating times.
This standardisation refers to office methods and procedures to assure a most efficient working.
12. What are the benefits of standardization? :
1. Reduction of material waste and obsolescence.
2. Reduced manufacturing cost per unit and hence the reduced price.
3. Uniform quality of the product.
4. Reduced maintenance, servicing and replacement of equipment and parts.
5. Reduced work-in-process and finished products, inventories,
6. Reduced book-keeping and other documentation work.
7. Increased customer confidence to buy products.
8. Better and quicker product deliveries.
14. Define simplification :
Simplification is the process of reducing the variety of products manufactured i.e., variety reduction.
Simplification of product refers to the elimination of excessive and undesirable or ‘marginal lines’ of product to eliminate waste and to achieve economy.
Simplification is concerned with the reduction of product range, assemblies, parts, materials and design.
Simplification is also termed as Product line contraction.
Simplification makes a product or assembly, simpler and less complex.
Simplification enables the production department to improve planning, achieve higher rates of production and machine utilisation, and simplify control procedures.
15. What are the considerations in simplifying products? :
Before simplifying any product, one should ask himself the following questions :
(i) Whether simplification can be achieved effectively for the nature of the given product ?
(ii) How the simplification will affect customer demand and volume of sale ?
(iii) Does market competition permit simplification or it encourages product diversification ?