Name of the College : Noorul Islam College of Engineering
University : Anna University
Degree : B.E
Department : Computer Science and Engineering
Subject Code/Name : CS 1402 – Object Oriented Analysis & Design
Year : IV
Semester : VII
Document Type : Question Bank
Website : niceindia.com
Download :https://www.pdfquestion.in/uploads/ni…AND_DESIGN.pdf
NICE Object Oriented Analysis & Design Question Paper
Unit-I
Part – A Questions and Answers :
1. Write about the traditional development methodologies? :
Most traditional development methodologies are either algorithm centric or data centric.
a. Algorithm-centric methodology :
You think of an algorithm that can accomplish the task, and then build data structures for that algorithm to use.
Related : Noorul Islam College of Engineering MC1704 Computer Graphics & Multimedia MCA Question Bank : www.pdfquestion.in/3085.html
b. Data- centric methodology :
You think how to structure the data, and then build the algorithm around that structure.
2. Define objects :
Object is a real- world entity, identifiably separate from its surroundings, has a well defined set of attributes and a well-defined set of procedures or methods. Properties (or attributes) describe the state (data) of an object. Methods (procedures) define its behavior. Object means a combination of data and logic that represents some real-world entity.
(E.g.) Car is an object
Color, manufacturer, cost, owner etc are attributes.
Drive it, lock it, tow it, carry passengers in it are all methods.
3. Give a brief note on object behavior :
Object behavior is described in methods or procedures. Behavior denotes the collection of methods that abstractly describes what an object is capable of doing. Each procedure defines and describes a particular behavior of an object. Methods encapsulate the behavior of the object. Objects take responsibility for their own behavior.
4. What do you mean by information hiding? :
Information hiding is the principle of concealing the internal data and procedures of an object and providing an interface to each object and providing an interface to each object in such a way as to reveal as little as possible about its inner workings.
An object is often said to encapsulate the date and a program.
** Per-class protection- Class methods can access any object of that class and not just the receiver
** Per-object protection- Methods can access only the receiver.
5. Define class hierarchy :
** Object oriented system organizes classes into a subclass-super class hierarchy.
** At the top of the class hierarchy are the most general classes and at the bottom are the more specific.
** A subclass inherits all of the properties and methods defined in its super class.
** Subclasses may refine or constrain the state and behavior inherited from its super class.
** A class may simultaneously be the subclass to some class and a super class to another class.
** Formal or abstract classes have no instances but define the common behaviors that con be inherited by more specific classes.
6. Write briefly about inheritance and explain the types of inheritance :
** Inheritance is the property of object-oriented systems that allows objects to be built from other objects.
** Inheritance is a relationship between classes where one class is the parent class of another derived class called base class or super class.
** Inheritance allows classes to share and reuse behaviors and attributes of all its super classes.
Types of inheritance :
Dynamic inheritance :
It allows objects to change and evolve over time. Since base classes provide properties and attributes for objects, changing base classes changes the properties and attributes of a class.
Multiple inheritance :
Some object-oriented systems permit a class to inherit its state (attributes) and behaviors form more than one super class.
7. What do you mean by polymorphism? :
Polymorphism means that the same operation may behave differently on different classes. Polymorphism allows us to write generic, reusable code more easily, because we can specify general instructions and delegate the implementation details to the objects involved.
8. Explain object relationship and associations :
a. Association represents the relationships between objects and classes.
b. Associations are bidirectional.
c. Cardinality specifies how many instances of one class may relate to a single instance of an associated class.
d. Cardinality constraints the number of related objects and often is described as being “one” or “many”
9. What do you mean by consumer-producer association? :
It is also known as client-server association. It uses relationship. It is a oneway interaction in which one object requests the service of another object. The object that makes the request is the consumer or client and the object receives the request and provides the service is the producer or server.
10. Write about static and dynamic binding? :
Static binding :
The process of determining which functions to invoke at compile time is termed as static binding. Static binding optimizes the calls.
Dynamic binding :
The process of determining which functions to invoke at runtime are called as dynamic binding. They occur when polymorphic calls are issued. Dynamic binding allows some method invocation decisions to be deferred until the information is known.
Unit-II
1. Write about the four phases in OMT?
OMT consists of four phases. They are • Analysis-The results are objects and dynamic & functional models.
System design-The results are a structure of the basic architecture of the system along with high-level strategy decisions.
Object Design-Produces a design document, consisting of detailed objects static, dynamic and functional models
Implementation-This activity produces reusable, extendible, robust code.
2. What do you mean by object diagram?
The object model of OMT is represented graphically with an object diagram. The object diagram contains classes interconnected by association lines. Each class represents a set of individual objects. The association lines establish relationships among the classes. Each association line represents a set of links from the objects o f one class to the objects of another class
3. What are the primary symbols used in Data Flow Diagrams?
Data flow diagrams use four primary symbols:
The process is any function being performed.(verify password in the ATM)
The data flow shows the direction of data element movement.(PIN code)
The data store is a location where data are stored.(Account in ATM)
An external entity is a source or destination of a data element .(the ATM card reader)
4. What are the diagrams used in Booch methodology?
The Booch methodology consists of the following diagrams:
Class diagrams.
Object diagrams.
State transition diagrams.
Module diagrams.
Process diagrams.
Interaction diagrams.
5. Give the steps involved in Macro development process in Booch methodology.
The macro development process consists of the following steps:
Conceptualization
Establish the core requirements and develop a prototype.
Analysis and development of the model
Use the class diagram to describe the roles and responsibilities of objects. Use the object diagram to describe the desired behavior of the system.